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''Arius'' is a genus of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Ariidae. The genus ''Arius'' is distributed in brackish and fresh waters of Eastern Africa and south to southeast Asia. Defining the limits so that ''Arius'' can form a natural grouping has always been a problem. The genus was never properly defined, and many species previously classified in ''Arius'' are now in other genera. Recent authors have recognized this genus as non-monophyetic, rejecting that the genus is a natural grouping. Two unnamed groups are distinguished by accessory tooth plates, which are either very elongated and bearing molar-like teeth, or are oval shaped or subtriangular and bearing acicular (needle-like) or conic teeth.〔 ''A. jatius'' lacks these tooth plates, but has been included in this genus based on its adipose fin and lateral line.〔 The recognition of ''Arenarius'' as a junior synonym of ''Arius'' is tentative and needs to be further investigated.〔 ''Arius'' species have three pairs of barbels, including the fleshy and cylindrical maxillary barbels and two pairs of mental barbels. The base of the adipose fin is moderately long, about half the length of the base of the anal fin.〔 ==Species== There are currently 26 living species recognized for this genus. * ''Arius acutirostris'' F. Day, 1877 * ''Arius africanus'' Günther, 1867 (African sea catfish) * ''Arius arenarius'' (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1849) (Sand catfish) * ''Arius arius'' (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Threadfin sea catfish) * ''Arius brunellii'' Zolezzi, 1939 * ''Arius cous'' Hyrtl, 1859 * ''Arius dispar'' Herre, 1926 (Fleshysnout catfish) * ''Arius festinus'' H. H. Ng & Sparks, 2003 * ''Arius gagora'' (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Gagora catfish) * ''Arius gigas'' Boulenger, 1911 (Giant sea catfish) * ''Arius jella'' F. Day, 1877 (Blackfin sea catfish) * ''Arius latiscutatus'' Günther, 1864 (Rough-head sea catfish) * ''Arius leptonotacanthus'' Bleeker, 1849 * ''Arius macracanthus'' Günther, 1864 * ''Arius maculatus'' (Thunberg, 1792) (Spotted catfish) * ''Arius madagascariensis'' Vaillant, 1894 (Madagascar sea catfish) * ''Arius malabaricus'' F. Day, 1877 * ''Arius manillensis'' Valenciennes, 1840 (Manila sea catfish) * ''Arius microcephalus'' Bleeker, 1855 (Squirrelheaded catfish) * ''Arius nudidens'' M. C. W. Weber, 1913 * ''Arius oetik'' Bleeker, 1846 * ''Arius parkii'' Günther, 1864 (Guinean sea catfish) * ''Arius subrostratus'' Valenciennes, 1840 (Shovelnose sea catfish) * ''Arius sumatranus'' (Anonymous, referred to E. T. Bennett, 1830) (Goat catfish) * ''Arius uncinatus'' H. H. Ng & Sparks, 2003 * ''Arius venosus'' Valenciennes, 1840 (Veined catfish) In addition, there is a fairly extensive fossil record, encompassing several species, but mainly represented by otoliths. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Arius (genus)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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